SYRIA -- Syria might exist in theory, but not in reality. After four years of war, Syria is little more than a patchwork of sub-state entities protected by militias. President Assad and the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) are fighting to protect the coastal province of Latakia and the north-south corridor between Damascus and Aleppo. Dominated by Alawites, this ethnic-religiously mixed entity includes Druze, Shi'ites, Armenian and Assyrian Christians and the secular Sunni business elite. To the above end, Idlib's fall to Jaysh al Fateh (the al-Nusra-led 'Army of Conquest') [see RLPB 303 (1 April)] could be a game-changer. Bordering Turkey, Idlib extends south like a wedge between the coastal Alawite stronghold of Latakia and the commercial capital of Aleppo. Idlib extends into the north-south corridor with a large section of the M5 Damascus-Aleppo Highway passing through it. Latakia and Aleppo are both imperilled. Aleppo now has al-Qaeda to the west, Turkey to the north and Islamic State (IS) to the east. Furthermore, Turkey and Saudi Arabia are planning a military alliance (comprised of Turkish ground troops and Saudi air-cover) to assist the jihadists (whom they refer to as 'Syrian opposition'). They may even install an alternative government in Idlib, Libya-style. For the Sunni powers, the US-Iran nuclear deal has brought a new level of urgency to the conflict. They believe that if regime change (the political-religious realignment of Damascus) is going to happen it must happen now as Iran is going to grow stronger. Accordingly the war is about to move to a new level at a time when borders have closed and getting out of Syria has become virtually impossible. NORTH-WEST: IDLIB On 31 March, just days after entering Idlib City, foreign fighters from al-Nusra (al-Qaeda) publicly executed two Christian citizens -- Elias Naguib (83) and his son Nael Elias (44) -- after learning they owned a shop that sold liquor (probably a licensed grocery store). Having refused to abandon the Christian remnant ahead of the Jaysh al Fateh offensive, Father Ibrahim Farah (57) of the Antiochian Orthodox Church of Idlib City, has now been abducted along with several from his church's congregation. According to Middle East Concern, they are to be tried in an Islamic court, although no details of charges or demands have yet emerged. Christians have been ordered to submit and pay the 'jizya' (protection money) or leave Idlib. Most have fled to the port city of Latakia, many bearing shrapnel wounds and deep trauma. One father got his 9-year-old daughter out of Idlib via sewerage channels; his parents remain in the city. The Syrian government will fight vigorously to regain control over Idlib. The mostly frail Christian remnant remaining in the city will have to survive not only al-Qaeda but massive aerial bombardment. NORTH: ALEPPO Islamic State (IS) has launched an offensive in Aleppo Province, where it is fighting mostly other Islamic groups for total control of the region (according to Stratfor 10 April). Amidst this, al-Nusra has been shelling government-held areas of Aleppo City. From 9 pm on 10 April (Good Friday), well into the next day, rockets rained down on the mostly Armenian and Assyrian Sulaimaniyah district, killing more than 20 Christians, including children. Al-Nusra also launched barrel bombs into the market in central Maadi district, killing 20 more civilians (including Christians). They also detonated a huge tunnel bomb near the air force intelligence headquarters before attempting (unsuccessfully) to storm the base. Intensive fighting continues. NORTH-EAST: HASEKA Contiguous with Iraq's Nineveh Province, Haseka is part of the historic Assyrian homeland. Largely abandoned by the government, the fight for Haseka is now predominantly between IS and the Kurds. On 23 February IS fighters drove Christians from a chain of 35 Assyrian villages on the Khabour River, taking up to 300 Assyrians captive [see RLPB 298 (24 Feb 2015)]. IS is now demanding a ransom sum of $100,000 for each captive (about $30 million) knowing full well this sum of money is simply unattainable. Furthermore, reports have emerged that IS is transporting large groups of Christian captives to strategic battlefield areas and using them as human shields in their fight against Kurdish and Christian militias. A leader with the Assyrian Church of the East, Younan Talia, laments: 'The international outcry from international leaders has been silent.' SOUTH: DARAA & DAMASCUS On 1 April armed groups including al-Nusra (al-Qaeda) seized control of the Nasib border crossing into Jordan, forcing the Syrian Arab Army to retreat and opening the way for free movement of trained jihadists into Daraa and severing a major Syrian government supply line. By 6 April an alliance of Al-Nusra and IS fighters had seized control of Yarmouk, a Palestinian ghetto just 6km south of Damascus. In the south, al-Qaeda is based in the Qalamoun Mountains between Lebanon and Syria where they co-operate with IS. Analysts suspect al-Nusra and IS fighters will seek to cut the M5 Highway between Damascus and Homs (in the centre), which would leave Damascus, Latakia and Aleppo isolated and encircled. Should that happen, Iran may well take control of the Syrian conflict to ensure that Damascus remains aligned with the 'Axis of Resistance'. GUILT In September 2014 the US voted to resume sending arms to 'moderate Syrian rebels', including the anti-tank missiles that proved so critical in the battle for Idlib. If jihadists do manage to enter Damascus, Latakia or Aleppo, then those who armed, trained, funded and empowered them must share the guilt of the resulting genocide. Whilst Muslim Turks, Arabs and Persians do not care what happens to Christians, the West -- and most certainly the Church -- should. In the words of Father Elias Hanout (38), the parish priest in Izraa (in the south, midway between Daraa and Damascus), 'If the West wants Syria to remain a country for Christian people, then help us to stay here; stop arming terrorists.'